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Enrico Bracesco 1910 - 1944 Edit

Born 10.4.1910 in Monza
Died 16.8.1944 in Hartheim

Biography

Enrico, the son of Francesco Bracesco and Maria Teruzzi, was the youngest of three brothers and sisters. His family was unquestionably anti-Fascist. His parents ran a restaurant, which became a cell of the underground anti-Fascist, communist party. The restaurant was the contact point for the resistance movement against the regime and a point of connection between the factories in Sesto San Giovanni and those in the Brianza region. Enrico worked as a factory hand and master toolmaker for the Breda works in Sesto San Giovanni. As an active anti-Fascist he transported weapons and food at night to the partisan brigades in the Brianza region. As one of the organisers of the first wave of strikes in March 1943, he was tried in court and sentenced to one year’s imprisonment. He was fired from the Breda works but then reinstated, at which point he took up his anti-Fascist activities again. In November 1943 he was involved in an accident while transporting weapons which cost him his right leg. As soon as he was feeling well enough, he fled the hospital with the help of his brother. Since he was wanted by the authorities, he went into hiding. But he was denounced, captured and taken to the Monza jail, where he was interrogated. He was then transferred to the San Vittore jail, where he was subjected to brutal interrogation, which worsened his already precarious state of health. He remained at San Vittore until April 1944 when, along with other political prisoners, he was taken to the Fossoli transit camp, leaving from platform 21 at Milan’s main station.

He remained in Fossoli until the end of July and his health improved. He benefitted from the presence of so many anti-Fascists who included doctors, who helped him and provided him with medical care. He sent 15 letters to his wife Maria and children Luigi and Milena. Twice Maria made the journey there on unsafe trains, risking falling victim of an air raid; yet while she made it to the Fossoli camp, she was never able to see her Enrico. On 11 July 1944, 67 prisoners were shot in Fossoli and shortly afterwards the SS decided to disband the camp, no longer considering it secure. For Enrico and the 306 other deportees, with whom he left Milan, this was the beginning of a dramatic journey to Bolzano. First they were moved on trucks and busses, which formed a convoy accompanied by German motorcycles with sidecars. Then they crossed the Po aboard motor boats. Finally, from Verona they reached the Bolzano concentration camp the next day. Enrico remained here a few days. He left Bolzano on transport no. 73 on 5 August and arrived in Mauthausen on 7 August in a cattle truck.

The journey was terrible, and more terrible still the march from the station up the hill to the camp. Enrico was forced to walk five kilometres on his crutches and reached the camp with his comrades completely exhausted. Here he was separated from the others and subjected to a ‘selection’: he was sent to Hartheim Castle, where the SS was murdering concentration camp prisoners under the codename ‘Aktion 14 f 13’. No prisoner has ever left this bleak place alive, and Enrico Bracesco was also killed here. The last official document dates his death to 15 December 1944.

Milena Bracesco

 

ANED, Sesto San Giovanni section

 

Translation into English: Joanna White

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