Johann Baptist Steinacker 1870 - 1944 Edit
Born 20.11.1870 in Odenheim / Östringen
Died 14.4.1944 in Mauthausen
Biography
The tailor Johann Baptist (‘Hermann’, ‘Gries’) Steinacker was born on 20 November 1870 in Odenheim (district of Karlsruhe) and later lived in Barmen and Wuppertal-Barmen. Even as the ‘Socialist Laws’ were in force between 1878 and 1890, he joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany. In 1910, his name was recorded in the ‘Anarchist register’ of the Berlin police headquarters, the central office for the surveillance of German and international anarchism. Steinacker was among the co-founders of the ‘Free Association of German Trade Unions’ before 1914. Between 1914 and March 1916, he was held in ‘protective custody’ at the police prison in (Wuppertal-)Elberfeld, after which he was called up for military service. After the First World War he became a member of the Free Workers’ Union of Germany (FAUD), founded in 1919. After the National Socialists had taken power in the German Reich on 30 January 1933, Steinacker took part in resistance against the National Socialist regime. After a while he was arrested and accused of distributing illegal flyers and pamphlets, as well as working as a courier for the FAUD in Solingen, Wuppertal and Remscheid. On 22 December 1934, he was sentenced by the third criminal division of Hamm Higher Regional Court to one year and nine months’ imprisonment for plotting treason. Steinacker served this sentence at the Remscheid-Lüttringhausen jail and was released on 6 July 1936. In January 1937 he was again arrested for illegal political activity; during interrogation at the police jail in Düsseldorf he was severely beaten. In a mass trial he was sentenced by the third criminal division of Hamm Higher Regional Court to ten years’ imprisonment. This sentence was served in Münster jail. When he fell asleep during work and was caught doing so, his name was placed on the transport list for Mauthausen concentration camp. On 8 January 1944, Steinacker arrived at Mauthausen concentration camp as a ‘protective custody prisoner’ and was given prisoner number 41932. According to the Gestapo files, Johann Baptist Steinacker died in the infirmary camp on 14 April 1944 of bronchial pneumonia; according to witness statements, he was killed with an injection of copper sulphate. His immediate family was not permitted to view the body. The Gestapo later handed over Steinacker’s blood-smeared glasses to his daughter.
Armin Breidenbach
Sources:
Archive of the Mauthausen Memorial, Database entry for Johann Baptist Steinacker, accessed on 2.12.2014.
Landesarchiv NRW – Abteilung Rheinland, Duisburg: RW 58-2761 and RW 58-28787.
References:
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