Margit Gross 1922 - 1945 Edit
Born 1.11.1922 in Jászfényszaru
Died 20.5.1945 in Mauthausen
Biography
Margit Gross was born on 1 November 1923 in Jászfenyszaru. Her parents were Jeanette Feldmann (1888–1944) and Mihaly Gross (1883–1944) from Aszod, who were both murdered in Auschwitz. During the war, Margit lived in Budapest with members of her extended family. This included her brothers Geza (1912–1944), Ephraim and Paul Gross. The youngest brother, Miklos, lived with the parents in Aszod, and Margit’s oldest sister Aranka was married to Lajos Lilienthal (1916–1945), who was murdered in 1945 in Bergen-Belsen. Following the German occupation of Hungary, Margit, possibly accompanied by other members of the family, was deported from the Hungarian capital on special transport no. 123 to Ravensbrück concentration camp. There she was given prisoner number 85934, having reached the camp on 22 November 1944. Just a few weeks later, in January 1945, she was selected as a forced labourer for the Junkers factory and transferred to the Venusberg subcamp at Chemnitz, which was part of Flossenbürg concentration camp.[1] There Margit was registered with prisoner number 61915. After the arrival of a transport of another 500 Jewish women from Bergen-Belsen in February 1945, which brought a typhus epidemic to the camp, the chances of survival dwindled yet further. Since church representatives would not allow burials in cemeteries, the camp’s countless dead were hastily buried in slit trenches near to the factory. Despite the harsh conditions in winter 1945, Margit managed to survive until the camp was disbanded. On 14 April 1945, those who were left were evacuated to the south on freight trains. On 28 April 1945 at the earliest, the ‘evacuation transport’ reached Mauthausen concentration camp, where the emaciated and sick prisoners who had survived the arduous journey and the march to the camp were liberated on 5 May. But death still came calling even after the liberation of the camp. According to postwar Hungarian documents,[2] on 20 May 1945 the twenty-one-year-old Margit Gross (Grosz) also ultimately succumbed to the privations of concentration camp imprisonment. Her sister Zahava Teper – the widow Aranka Lilienthal – who probably emigrated to Israel, submitted a Page of Testimony[3] for her in 1980 which gives Mauthausen 1945 as her place of death. In addition, there are Pages of Testimony for the parents and the brother Pál, as well as for Lajos Lilienthal. In 1998 a second Page of Testimony[4] was written for Margit by her brother Ephraim Golan. However, the place and date of death given here, ‘Auschwitz 1944’, are not correct. Both Pages of Testimony were accompanied by a portrait photo of the deceased. Ephraim also submitted Pages of Testimony for his parents and his brothers Geza, Paul and Miklos.
Pascal Cziborra
Translation into English: Joanna White
[1] Cf. Pascal Cziborra: KZ Venusberg. Der verschleppte Tod [Venusberg Concentration Camp. A protracted death] (Bielefeld 2008).
[2] Yad Vashem, Central Database of Shoah Victims’ Names, Item ID 6629516, Original Record No.: M-I/12 – M.34.1.
[3] Yad Vashem, Central Database of Shoah Victims’ Names, Page of Testimony, Item ID 1451009
[4] Yad Vashem, Central Database of Shoah Victims’ Names, Page of Testimony, Item ID 1799160.