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Георгий Дмитриевич Зобнин / Georgij Dmitriewitsch Sobnin Edit

Born 7.11.1917 in Noschul
Died 1945 in Mauthausen

Biography

In the night of 7 April 1944, aeroplane PS-84 of the 101st Fighter Aviation Regiment did not return from a mission – it was set alight by a German fighter plane in the area around Rakvere. Since, at that time, Rakvere was occupied by the German Wehrmacht, it is no surprise that Georgy Dmitrievich Zobnin, having jumped from the burning plane with his parachute, was immediately captured and taken prisoner as soon as 8 April. It is customary for military researchers to look at the fate of the entire crew, but to do so would go beyond the scope of this article. We will simply say that some crew members survived. For example the plane’s commander, Second Lieutenant Alexei Yakovlevich Zakharenko, was wounded when taken prisoner and was transferred to the military hospital for prisoners of war in Riga, where he remained until 20 August 1944. In August he managed to escape from the hospital and make his way back to his own troops.

Some time after Zakharenko’s escape, but thousands of kilometres away, Zobnin also escaped from the Czech town of Rynovice, and not alone but with eleven other Soviet prisoners of war. But they had less luck. Or rather, some had no luck at all. But more on that later.

Georgy Dmitrievich Zobnin was born on 7 November 1917 in the village of Noshul in today’s Priluzsky district of the Komi Republic into a peasant family of Zyrians. He had been in the Red Army since 1939. At the time he was taken prisoner, Zobnin was serving in the 101st Fighter Aviation Regiment as a navigator with the rank of first lieutenant. This regiment was established in spring 1942 at the Chkalovski airfield near to Moscow and soon began combat missions – the bombing of railway hubs and larger enemy concentrations, dropping paratroopers, and delivering ammunition to partisans. Zobnin also flew these kinds of mission and carried them out them so well that he was decorated with three medals: with the Order of the Red Star (on 1 May 1943), the Order of the Patriotic War Second Class (on 23 August 1943), and with the Order of the Red Banner (on 29 February 1944). Before his capture, he participated in 170 combat missions, mostly at night.

After being taken prisoner, Zobnin was held for a time at the Auswertestelle Ost (Computing Station East) or AWSt./Ost, where he was undoubtedly interrogated several times. On 1 May 1944 he was transferred to a camp for captured pilots near to the Polish city of Łódź, where he was assigned camp number 3753. First Lieutenant Fedor Alexeevich Spitsyn from the 102nd Fighter Aviation Regiment, who had likewise been taken prisoner near Rakvere on 12 April 1944, was transferred from the AWSt./Ost at the same time. It is not known whether the two men had previously been acquainted but as prisoners they were inseparable. On 14 July 1944 they and other prisoners of war were transferred to the Stammlager (Stalag) IV B camp and, on 5 August 1944, they arrived at Stalag IV C to join the Reinowitz work detachment

On 5 September 1944, the special edition of the German Criminal Police Journal no. 4974a carried an announcement from the Reichenberg Criminal Police headquarters concerning the escape of twelve Soviet officers from the Reinowitz camp in the night of 2-3 September. Subsequent issues of the Criminal Police Journals make it clear that all the escapees were recaptured. Spitsyn was the first to be caught – still during that first night in woods near to the camp. Zobnin enjoyed the taste of freedom for two whole weeks, covering 130 kilometres on foot before he was recaptured on 17 September in the small village of Hejtmánkovice together with Yury Mikhailovich Rysakov and Vasily Kuzmich Rogachev, both from the same regiment as Spitsyn.

At this time, the killing of captured officers who had committed an offence was in full swing, what is known as ‘Aktion K’ (for Kugel, meaning bullet). According to this decree, all escaped and recaptured Soviet officers were to be transferred to Mauthausen concentration camp in order to disappear into Block 20 – the death block. Much still remains to be researched about this ‘Aktion’ but what does seem certain is that not all of the recaptured officers were sent to Mauthausen – traces of them, up to liberation in some cases, can also be found in other concentration camps. Zobnin, however, was definitely sent to Block 20. On a registration list dated 9 December 1944, the names of of Zobnin, Spitsyn, Rogachev and Rysakov are there in black and white. Whether they were registered by mistake or whether they arrived before being marked as ‘candidates for death’ is unknown – what is certain is that their names were later crossed out in the registration book. From there all trace of them disappears. It is likely that they all took part in the prisoner uprising in Block 20 that occurred during the night of 1-2 February 1945 – but of course, only if they were still alive at that point. Of the hundreds of condemned men, only a few officers survived the subsequent ‘Mühlviertel Hare Hunt’. Zobnin and his comrades were not among those few.

 

Tatiana Szekely

Translation into English: Joanna White

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