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Olaf Eugen Paulus 1898 - 1945 Edit

Born 7.11.1898 in Stavanger
Died 13.1.1945 in Melk

Biography

Olaf Eugen Paulus was born on 7 November 1898 in Stavanger. He was the son of Olaf Paulus and Dagny Nitter. With a noted composer for a father and a music teacher for a mother, it was natural that Olaf should inherit their musical talents. After finishing primary school, he went to study music in Oslo, Copenhagen and finally Leipzig, where his father had also trained.

He trained as a pianist, singing teacher and conductor and got his first job as bandleader on board the S/S Bergensfjord. Later on, he undertook several journeys on the S/S Stella Polaris. In 1935 he married a Danish woman, Elsbeth Beugger, in his mother’s home town, Dale in the Fjaler district, where they also lived for some years. Later they settled in Stavanger, where Olaf Paulus had a job as director of a male voice choir, and were there when the war broke out.

He served in the civil air defence and joined the resistance movement in Stavanger early on. He had a radio, spread news and was involved in intelligence operations.[1] One of his connections was with Sauda[2], from where his nephew, Odd Friis Paulus, sent him descriptions and photographs of the German military positions. This was discovered by the Gestapo and Olaf was arrested on 12 November 1942.

He served a couple of months at the prison in Lagårdsveien in Stavanger before being taken to the Grini prison camp near Oslo on 20 January 1943. On 30 September that year, he was deported as a Nacht-und-Nebel (‘Night and Fog’) prisoner via Germany to the Natzweiler concentration camp in France. There the Nacht-und-Nebel prisoners were forced to carry out brutally backbreaking work while receiving minimal rations. When the camp was evacuated at the beginning of September 1944, the survivors were transferred to Dachau. From there the journey continued to Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria, before it finally ended at the subcamp in Melk.

He died there four months before the end of the war, on 13 January 1945, by coincidence one day after the death of his nephew in Vaihingen (a subcamp of Natzweiler concentration camp). Olaf was 47 years old. At the church in Dale, his name stands on a memorial stone erected by the local authorities in Fjaler in memory of ten victims of the war.

Dagfinn Paulus Johnsen

Translation into English: Joanna White

 



[1] Translator’s note: in August-September 1941, all radios in Norway were confiscated as part of a large-scale operation carried out by the German Security Police in order to limit the influence of the British BBC on public opinion.

[2] Translator’s note: an aluminium melting plant was constructed near Saudasjøen which was important to the German war economy.

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