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Marcel Callo 1921 - 1945 Edit

Born 6.12.1921 in Rennes
Died 19.3.1945 in Mauthausen

Biography

 

Marcel Callo was born on 6 December 1921 in Rennes in France and died on 19 March 1945 in the so-called ‘infirmary camp’ by Mauthausen concentration camp, following a long period imprisoned in the Gusen I and II concentration camps. Marcel Callo was an enthusiastic member of the Scouts and trained as a printer. Even as a teenager he was involved in his home town in the Catholic youth organisation Jeune Ouvriere Chretienne (JOC). After the National Socialists had overrun France, Marcel Callo volunteered to help at the railway mission, where he and his friends were able to give assistance to many people fleeing to the unoccupied areas of France.

In March 1943 he, like hundreds of thousands of other young Frenchmen, was ordered to carry out labour service in Germany as part of the operation Service du Travail Obligatoire. He was sent to work in Zella-Mehlis in the arms factory of the Walther company. For organising a banned Christian youth group and religious service there, Marcel Callo was imprisoned by the Gestapo on 19 April 1944 in Gotha and arrived at the Mauthausen/Gusen complex in October 1944, having come via Flossenbürg concentration camp. After a short stay in the Mauthausen camp, on 26 October 1944 Marcel Callo was initially sent to the Gusen I concentration camp, where for the time being he was only put to work sorting rivets at the Messerschmitt airplane works. But on just 7 November 1944 he was transferred to the feared Gusen II concentration camp, where in Tunnel 4 of the ‘Bergkristall’ Messerschmitt airplane factory in St. Georgen/Gusen he was forced to rivet airplane parts with a heavy pneumatic hammer under the most inhuman conditions.

The dire living and working conditions in the Gusen II concentration camp meant that Marcel Callo quickly lost his strength and, on 5 January 1945, he was admitted to the already hopelessly overcrowded prisoner infirmary in Gusen II. Finally, weakened yet further, at the beginning of March 1945 he, like around 3,000 other prisoners of the Gusen II concentration camp, was sent to die in the ‘infirmary camp’ outside the gates of the Mauthausen, where his life finally came to an end on 19 March 1945. Marcel Callo was beatified by Pope John Paul II in Rome on 4 October 1987 and his martyrdom commemorates above all the many thousands of other prisoners of the Gusen II concentration camp who were taken to the ‘infirmary camp’ at Mauthausen to die. Today many Christian institutions are named after Marcel Callo, especially in Germany and Austria, for example a Roman-Catholic parish church in the Auwiesen area of Linz. The municipality of St. Georgen/Gusen also named a path above Tunnel 4 of the ‘Bergkristall’ after Marcel Callo. His feast day is 19 April.

Rudolf A. Haunschmied

Gedenkdienstkomittee Gusen (www.gusen.org)

 

Translation into English: Joanna White

 

References:

Bernhard Gerardi: Marcel Callo: Ein Leben für die Brüder [Marcel Callo. A life for the Brotherhood] (Augsburg 1956).

 

Rosemarie Pabel (ed.): Marcel Callo: Zeuge des Glaubens und der Versöhnung [Marcel Callo. Witness to Faith and Reconcilisation] (Eichstätt 1991).

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