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Jan Czyżewski 1884 - 1945 Edit

Born 27.8.1884 in Kłonna
Died 16.3.1945 in Ebensee

Biography

Jan Czyżewski was born on 27 August 1884[1] in Kłonna, a small village 90 km south of Warsaw. He married Ewa Dombrowska and fathered three children. He worked as a farmer and served as mayor of the village. Jan was a devout Roman Catholic. He knew all the hymns to the Little Hours of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary by heart. He may have been denounced by a political rival, which resulted in his name being placed on a list of individuals to be arrested. On 6 August 1943, Wehrmacht soldiers arrested Jan along with his only surviving child, Antoni (born on 11 May 1911 in Kłonna and murdered at Auschwitz on 16 December 1943). Jan and Antoni were two of the five men taken from the village to Tomaszów Mazowiecki that day and later transferred to the prison in Radom. None of these men survived the war. Jan and his son were deported to Auschwitz, arriving on 23 August 1943. Jan was registered as No. 137 677 and was in the first known group of prisoners who were sent to sector BIIa in Birkenau, a group of newly-constructed barracks that were designated as the men’s quarantine camp.[2] Jan and his son were likely separated during one of the selections and from letters sent to family it appears that they did not see each other again. Jan contracted typhus in Birkenau and was moved to Block 11 in the men’s infirmary (B II f).[3] He survived the disease and was later transferred to Mauthausen. He arrived there on 19 September 1944 and was registered the following day as No. 101 662. Jan was categorized as a Polish political prisoner.[4] He was transferred to the Zement Kommando on 19 October 1944[5] and was murdered at Solvay (Ebensee) on 16 March 1945.[6]

 

 

Submitted by

Rev. Michał Czyżewski, OSPPE (a great grandson of Jan Czyżewski) and Eileen Groth Lyon

Rev. Michał Czyżewski, OSSPE is a Pauline priest from Kłonna, Poland and a great-grandson of Jan Czyżewski. He currently serves as Pastor of Corpus Christi Church in Buffalo, NY.

Eileen Groth Lyon, Ph.D. (University of Cambridge) is a professor of history at the State University of New York at Fredonia.

 

Photographs

1.      Residents of Kłonna Poland, c. mid-late 1930s

2.      Portrait of Jan Czyżewski and his wife Ewa Czyżewski, née Dombrowska (seated), their son Antoni Czyżewski (standing), and Franciszka Gapys, a neighbor of the Czyżewskis (seated in front of Ewa and Jan).

3.      Residents of Kłonna Poland, c. mid-late 1930s with Jan Czyżewski and Antoni Czyżewski marked



[1] Czyżewski’s date of birth is listed in various camp records as 8 September 1884. The August date is from family and parish records.

 

[2] Danuta Czech, Auschwitz Chronicle 1939-1945. From the Archives of The Auschwitz Memorial and The German Federal Archives (New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc., 1989), p. 458. Aleksander Lasik, Franciszek Piper, Piotr Setkiewicz, Irena Strzelecka, Auschwitz 1940-1945. Central Issues in the History of the Camp, Volume 1: The Establishment and Organization of the Camp (Oświęcim: Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, 2000), p. 94.

 

[3] Laboratory Studies of the SS Hygiene Institute in Auschwitz of Urine, Blood, Stool and Saliva Samples, 1.1.2.1 / 546241, 1.1.2.1 / 546242 ITS Digital Archive, Arolsen Archives.

 

[4] Arrival Lists of KL Mauthausen, 1.1.26.1 / 1319925, 1.1.26.1 / 1319944 ITS Digital Archive, Arolsen Archives.

 

[5] Reports Detailing Changes Made in KL Mauthausen, 1.1.26.1 / 1309581, 1.1.26.1 / 1309587 ITS Digital Archive, Arolsen Archives.

 

[6] [Name crossed out indicating prisoner was deceased] Registry of prisoner numbers 1 - 139157 of the CC Mauthausen, 1.1.26.1 / 1279801 ITS Digital Archive, Arolsen Archives. Reports Detailing Changes Made in KL Mauthausen, 1.1.26.1 / 1286953 ITS Digital Archive, Arolsen Archives. Mauthausen Death Books, 1.1.26.1 / 1290178 ITS Digital Archive, Arolsen Archives.

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