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Vladimír Bergauer 1898 - 1942 Edit

Born 18.9.1898 in Písek
Died 24.10.1942 in Mauthausen

Biography

Vladimír Bergauer was born the son of a pharmacist. He was of Czech nationality and Roman Catholic faith. In 1917 he completed his secondary education at a grammar school in Písek and in the 1917/18 winter semester he began to study medicine at the Czech Faculty of Medicine at the Charles Ferdinand University in Prague. He was able to avoid the last rounds of conscription into the Austro-Hungarian army. He completed his medical studies in 1923. Despite a successful habilitation (1928) and receiving several nominations for appointments as a senior lecturer in the period 1931 to 1939, he remained an assistant at the Institute for General Biology until 1939. In 1934 he was appointed the last director of the Czech Institute for National Eugenics at the Czech Faculty of Medicine in Prague. He worked on research into ageing and built on this subject later with further studies in serology and hormones; he also researched issues of sexuality. In the early 1930s he condensed the insights he had gained into his longest – and in fact, only published – monograph, Sexuální biologie (Sexual Biology) (Prague 1931). In 1934, as co-author of the second volume, he edited the original Czech compendium Obecná biologie (General Biology) (Prague 1934, later reprinted in three new editions). Thanks to his conception and clear structuring, the publication would go on to become an essential textbook for medical students over the following decade.

After the closure of the Czech universities in November 1939, Vladimír Bergauer worked for a short time as departmental chair of the then newly-established Institute for National Biology and Eugenics, which was under the authority of the Protectorate Ministry of Social and Health Administration. After the Institute was shut down by the Prague Gestapo in June 1941, he was hired as a scientific employee of the former Psychiatric Clinic. In this period he started to become active in the resistance. Initially, he assisted acquaintances who wanted to leave the country. In all probability he worked as part of the illegal network associated with the Masaryk League against Tuberculosis. Later he also concealed a British pilot, who was hidden by a long succession of people, including by Bergauer and his wife, who had no children. Ultimately a route was secured for him to cross the Protectorate border into Austria.

When the pilot later attempted to return from Austria to the Protectorate, he was arrested at the border because of irregularities in his papers. During his interrogation he revealed the names of those who had hidden him. After their arrest they were detained and interrogated for four months of investigative custody in the Pankrác prison in Prague, at the end of which Vladimír Bergauer and his wife were condemned to death by the German summary court in Prague. They were part of a group of 264 men, women and children connected to the attack on Acting Reich Protector Reinhard Heydrich (1904–1942). They had been arrested as relatives of the paratroopers or of those who had helped to conceal them, and transported to Mauthausen.

It is most likely that the Bergauers were shot and their bodies cremated between 9am and 6pm on 24 October 1942. Vladimír Bergauer was 44 years old.

After the end of the war he was awarded the Czech medal for merit in memoriam and in March 1946 posthumously appointed senior lecturer in general biology, which was confirmed by acclamation one month later. The actual appointment only took place two years later (1948).

 

Michal V. Šimůnek

 

Translation into English: Joanna White

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