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Franz Paul Erath 1913 - 1940 Edit

Born 19.12.1913 in Dunningen
Died 11.2.1940 in Mauthausen

Biography

Franz Paul Erath came into the world in Dunningen in the district of Rottweil as the seventh of ten children, of whom five died shortly after birth. In 1923, his parents Anna and Franz Xaver moved with the children to the clock-making town of Schramberg in the central Black Forest. His father was a master carpenter, his mother a housewife. Their deeply-held religious convictions account for the fact that they envisaged their only son entering the priesthood and so, in 1927, they sent the 13-year-old to the mission house of the ‘White Fathers’ in Haigerloch for further education towards this purpose. From year 10 onwards he and his fellow pupils transferred to the seminary boarding school of the Africanum grammar school in Grosskrotzenburg near Hanau in Hesse. There he successfully passed the school-leaving exams in February 1935.

He did not pursue a career as a priest but remained closely involved with the Catholic Church nonetheless. According to his sister he intended to study medicine. Initially this was denied him when in spring 1935 he was called up for ‘Reich Labour Service’ in Oberndorf am Neckar. In the autumn he returned to his family in Schramberg and began to work at the Gebrüder Junghans clock factory.[1]

A former school friend remembers him as the best outside right player on their football team at that time and as someone who, when he saw something was right, stuck to it, unwavering. The then curate and later priest of the Church of the Holy Ghost in Schramberg described him as a ‘deeply religious person full of character who often attended Mass.’

Like his mother Anna, Franz Paul was also a staunch opponent of National Socialism. His mother refused to receive a ‘Mother’s Cross’ and, like her son, did not keep her criticisms of National Socialism to herself. Both were denounced; his mother by a family who rented from them. The accusation that she had slandered the infamous Nazi mayor, Fritz Arnold, landed her in jail. It seems that Franz Paul was denounced several times after having repeatedly voiced his criticisms during political disputes in local bars or at work. In the course of one debate he is supposed to have said that the title of Hitler’s book Mein Kampf (My Struggle) contained a spelling mistake: it should be Mein Krampf (My Cramp).

On 5 July 1937 the Gestapo arrested him at work. In his desk drawer a diary was found in which he had jotted down his opinions of the Nazi regime. The first stage of his incarceration was the prison in Oberndorf am Neckar. From there he was taken to the Gestapo jail in Welzheim. After sentencing by the Stuttgart special court in November 1937, he was returned to Welzheim and, on 3 May 1938, the Gestapo arranged the transfer of the ‘protective custody prisoner’ to Dachau concentration camp. Franz Paul Erath arrived in Mauthausen on 27 September 1939 as part of a large prisoner transport. In a letter to this family dated 29 November 1939 he wrote: ‘I am still well and hope the same for you.’[2] Within two months, the work in the Wiener Graben quarry had robbed him of his last strength. Walking up the so-called Stairs of Death, weighed down with a heavy rock, he collapsed. According to his death certificate he died on 11 February 1940 at 5.40pm as a result of ‘pyelonephritis’.

Two former fellow prisoners reported after liberation that Franz Paul Erath had been brought to the roll call area after the close of work on a stretcher by his fellow inmates and set down there. During roll call of the prisoners, an SS man walked up to the stretcher, placed the heel of his boot on the throat of the dying man and smashed in his skull with the butt of his rifle.

The mortal remains of Franz Paul Erath were transferred to the crematorium in Steyr. His parents received a metal urn from there on 20 April 1940, which was laid to rest in a religious ceremony behind the cemetery chapel at Schramberg Cemetery.

Ingrid Bauz

 

 

Translation into English: Joanna White

 

References:

Hans-Joachim Losch: Die KZ-Opfer des Nationalsozialismus in Schramberg [The Victims of National Socialist Concentration Camps in Schramberg] (Schramberg 1982).

 



[1] Cf. Senioren-Union Kreis Rottweil: Aufrecht und mutig – Frauen in der NS-Zeit im Landkreis Rottweil [Upstanding and Courageous – Women during the Nazi era in the Rottweil district] (Rottweil 2014).

[2] Ibid., p. 21. 

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