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Jakob Gijs Rubens 1918 - 1941 Edit

Born 25.10.1918 in Amsterdam
Died 7.8.1941 in Mauthausen

Biography

Jakob Gijs Rubens, who was called Jaap, was the son of Marcus Rubens and Rebecca Rubens-Witstein. The Rubens family were liberal Jewish, not Orthodox, but the Jewish holidays were celebrated. Mr. and Mrs. Rubens had a wholesale business in ties, buttons and collars in Amsterdam's Breestraat. Jaap had three sisters, Ella, Betty and Thea. He was the youngest and only son, a frail young man with glasses. His parents expected him to take over the business. There was an argument about it, because he actually wanted to become a musician. Jaap was arrested in Amsterdam, most likely during the second raid that took place on 11 June 1941. About 300 young Jewish men were arrested. Jaap was deported to Mauthausen, where he died on 7 August 1941, only 22 years old. According to data from the Arolsen archives, he was shot on the run. It may be that he made no attempt to flee, but that it was used as an excuse to shoot him. His parents received a package with some personal belongings from their son, including large heavy shoes, too big for Jaap. There was a letter with it. He is said to have died from an illness. There was no more information at the time, but the family immediately assumed that he was murdered. Before the war, Mr. and Mrs. Rubens had a maid, Karoline Broertjes, who was no longer allowed to work with Jewish families during the occupation, because she was not Jewish. Karoline has kept in touch with the family and tried to persuade her former employers to go into hiding. She was willing to help, but Mr. Rubens said: ‘No, I have lost my only son and heir. What difference does it make?’ The maid never knew that Jaap’s parents went into hiding anyway and were arrested and deported to Auschwitz. She has not seen them again. One day they were gone. Most likely they have been betrayed. Marcus Rubens (63 years old) and Rebecca Rubens-Witstein (60 years old) were gassed on arrival in Auschwitz on 22 May 1944. They had no chance to survive at all. The three daughters survived the war. Ella and Betty were in hiding. Thea was married to a Portuguese man and managed to emigrate to Portugal with her husband and little daughter. Karoline Broertjes married Jan Engel on 23 February 1950. She was my mother and she told me about Jaap every year in the month of May. She said he was a nice boy and she liked him very much. She was always very sad when she spoke about him.

 

Ank Engel

 

Ank Engel b. 26 december 1950 in Amsterdam.

Studies: History at the Free University in Amsterdam 1969-1975

Profession: historian, teacher; History, Social Sciences and Dutch as a second language. 1975-2015.

Publications: 2004. ‘Brothers and Sisters. Hundred Years Mixed Freemasonry’. 100th anniversary of the Dutch federation of Le Droit Humain.

2019 ‘Where my bread is, is my homeland. Dutch labourers in the Ruhrvalley from 1900 to 1940’. 

She is now working on a book about traveling between 1900 and 2020 and the memories of the Second Worldwar that the postwar-generations have come across.

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