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Vítězslav Gross 1909 - 1941 Edit

Born 12.10.1909 in Boskovice
Died 15.11.1941 in Mauthausen

Biography

Address: Náchod, Židovská 731

Profession: Head cantor of the Jewish community of Náchod

His father was a teacher of religious studies. His mother was called Kateřina, née Berkovičová. Both parents had died by 1941. German was spoken within the family; the son was known as Siggi. Both father and son were Germanophiles: they believed in the greatness of the German Geist, a belief Siggi still held at the start of the occupation. But he also spoke Czech and Hungarian. He had two brothers: Matyáš und Heřman. According to the the Terezín Memorial Book, these were probably the following two people: Mathias Gross, born 27 August 1900, deported from Brno to Minsk in Transport F on 16 November 1941. He died. Heřman Gross, born on 11 October 1907, deported from Brno to the Terezín (Theresienstadt) Ghetto in Transport Ac on 19 March 1943 and from there to Warsaw in Transport An on 25 April 1942. He also died.

Vítězslav Gross came to Náchod as a bachelor in 1938, less than a year before the establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. At the start of the occupation he married Berta Rednerová, who was born on 21 February 1906 in Český Těšín. Their happiness would not last long. On the orders of the Gestapo he was arrested after the fire in the Welzel warehouses in Náchod and taken hostage. From 9 September 1941 he was detained in the Small Fortress in Terezín. After around one month he was deported to the Mauthausen concentration camp, where he was tortured to death on 15 November 1941. (Jan Šimáň states his date of death as 2 November 1941.) His wife died in the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp after being deported there on 6 September 1943 from the Terezín Ghetto.

Alena Čtvrtečková

 

 

Translation into English: Joanna White

 

Sources:

Státní oblastní archiv (SOA) in Zámrsk, MLS[1] Hradec Králové, Albert Hardtke Ls 33/47, sheet 75 – arrest transcript of V. Gross.

Terezínská pamětní kniha (TPK) [Terezín Memorial Book].

A photo of Vítězslav Gross with his dates of birth and death (15 November 1941) has been preserved in the estate of Leo Strass in the possession of his granddaughter Věra Tomanová (Náchod).

 

References:

Eva Althammerová–Švorčíková: Češi jsou vlastně docela milí [The Czechs are very nice really] (Prague 2004), pp. 175–177; memory of a meeting with Siegfried Gross (here written ‘Ross’) in Náchod, where she worked as a German language teacher at the grammar school.

Jan Šimáň: Je tady Gestapo! (Náchod 1938–1945) [The Gestapo is here! (Náchod 1938-1945)] (Červený Kostelec 1946), p. 183.

 



[1] Translator’s note: MLS stands for the Mimořádný lidový soud – Extraordinary People’s Court – in Königgrätz, which investigated hundreds of cases from the National Socialist period from 1945 to 1948; nine people were condemned to death by hanging, including Albert Hardtke, SS Obersturmführer.

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